Tuesday, November 30, 2010

Africa mulls biofuels as land grab fears grow

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Africa mulls biofuels as land grab fears grow

Tue Nov 30, 2010

By Simon Akam

YAINKASA, Sierra Leone (Reuters) - Farmers in this iron-roof village in Sierra Leone say they didn't know what they were getting into when they leased their land for a biofuel crop they now fear threatens their food harvests.

Addax Bioenergy, part of privately-owned Swiss Addax & Oryx Group, says it went through long consultations with locals when it won a lease for around 50,000 hectares (123,600 acres) for ethanol sugarcane in the poor West African country's centre.

Despite that, a land dispute has flared up, one that highlights a major obstacle to efforts to tackle climate change by growing fuel in some of the world's poorest places.

"We were tricked. We feel the way we're being treated is not in line with our agreement," said rice farmer Alie Bangura, 68. "They promised things when we gave up our land that didn't happen."

Addax says a large share of a competitive $12 per hectare goes directly to farmers, rather than via landlords or officials, and that a development programme to help farmers improve yields will ensure all villages have enough to eat.

Proponents of biofuel crops in rural Africa say they will help fight climate change, meet Africa's own chronic energy shortages and give badly needed income from under-used farmland; critics say they take food out of hungry mouths by turning arable land over to feed cars, stoking tension with communities.

As environment ministers gathered in the Mexican resort of Cancun on Sunday for U.N. talks aiming for agreement on steps to slow down global warming, biofuels are likely to get little attention as doubts grow about whether they are realistic.

By one estimate, satisfying the EU's biofuel targets alone will require an additional 4.5 million hectares of land by 2020, an area the size of Denmark.

"ALARMING ACQUISITIONS"

Environmental groups have become alarmed at the pace with which vast tracts in Africa are being bought up for fuel crops.

A study by Friends of the Earth in August said biofuel demand was driving a new "land grab" in Africa, with at least 5 million hectares (19,300 sq miles) acquired by foreign firms to grow crops in 11 countries it had studied.

Ethiopia has earmarked 700,000 hectares for sugarcane and up to 23 million for jatropha. In Tanzania, rice farmers have been forced off their land to make way for sugarcane, the group says.

Kenya and Angola each have received proposals for the use of 500,000 hectares for biofuels and a plan for 400,000 hectares of oil palms is underway in Benin. Environmentalists are worried.

"The rush is definitely still ongoing. It is quite alarming the rate of land acquisitions by large companies," Greenpeace Africa director Olivia Langhoff told Reuters by phone.

"It's doubtful that Africans will see any benefits. There's very little involvement from local communities or farmers."

Langhoff said that in many cases promises are made that only fallow or marginal land will be used, but the plantation expands into good land as demand increases, squeezing out food crops.

Residents near the Addax plantation, many of whom signed away their land with thumb prints because they can't write, say they thought the farm wouldn't affect their fields in what they call "bolilands", seasonally waterlogged areas suitable for rice growing, because the sugarcane is being planted in drier areas.

But irrigation channels dug up by the company have drained some of the bolilands, they say, damaging their rice fields. Other food crops of theirs such as cassava and wild palm trees used for cooking oil were razed when it developed the land.

"Even if Addax leaves the bolilands we will not be able to work," said farmer Abdulai Serry in Lungi Ache village. "They have dug up canals and the water is no longer settling."

"NO SILVER BULLET"

Addax, which negotiated the lease directly with local people for its Sierra Leone plantation, says the villagers were consulted about the projects impacts and a local lawyer represented them, a rare example of a truly grassroots deal.

"Some of those who complain, it's out of ignorance," Addax social affairs manager Aminata Kamara told Reuters. "When they see outside people, they don't see the benefits they will get."

But on a continent where most people in rural areas live off subsistence farming and soaring populations compete for dwindling earth, conflicts over arable land are common. Adding foreign buyers in the mix can be explosive.

In 2008 high food prices prompted countries like China, and Saudi Arabia to seek farmland abroad, sparking protests. A lease by South Korea's Daewoo for nearly half of the arable land in Madagascar, an island bigger than France, triggered a wave of protests that eventually ousted President Marc Ravalomanana.

And, as in Indonesia, natural forest might be cleared to grow fuel, making net carbon emissions bigger than fossil fuels.

In the Democratic Republic of Congo, home of the world's second-biggest tropical forest, China's ZTE Agribusiness plans a million hectare palm farm. Environmentalists fear massive deforestation.

Biofuel produced this way is also likely to fall foul of European environmental rules.

Most environment experts think biofuels do have a future in Africa, but only if properly managed.

"Biofuels can in Africa improve access to fuels ... and contribute to reducing greenhouse emissions, but biofuels are certainly not the silver bullet," said the United Nations' Environment Programme spokesman Nick Nuttall. "Africa needs to be careful about the choices it makes with biofuel production."

http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE6AT0JR20101130?sp=true

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US EPA Set to Lower Target for Cellulosic Biofuels

In the next few days, the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) expects the Environmental Protection Agency to dramatically lower the amount of cellulosic biofuel companies are required to purchase under the federal renewable fuel standard.

This would be the second time the EPA reduced the required amount of cellulosic biofuel, which is derived from perennial grasses, waste and other sources. Cellulosic biofuel is cleaner than corn ethanol and is not made from food crops.

"This is a clear sign that current federal policies don't work, and won't deliver the environmental, economic and energy security benefits cellulosic biofuels could provide," said Jeremy Martin, a senior scientist in UCS's Clean Vehicles Program. "If we're ever going to get the cellulosic biofuel industry off the ground, we're going to have to reform biofuel policies."

When Congress updated the renewable fuel standard in its 2007 energy bill, it set a requirement for fuel providers to purchase 250 million gallons of cellulosic biofuel in 2012. EPA recently signaled it will lower that requirement to between 5 million and 17.1 million gallons, but has not yet announced a specific number. The corn ethanol industry, meanwhile, is on track to meet its goals.

Martin attributes the cellulosic shortfall to the lingering recession, which has made it more difficult for this emerging industry to secure financing, as well as flawed government policies that have not provided effective support to the industry. Meanwhile, the corn ethanol industry is lobbying for an extension of a $6 billion tax credit that reports from the Government Accountability Office and Congressional Budget Office have demonstrated is wasteful and ineffective. This tax credit, called the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit, is scheduled to expire this year.

"The corn ethanol industry needs to step back from the feeding trough," Martin said. "Instead of wasting money supporting mature industries, we need policies that deliver real benefits to taxpayers and protect the environment. A better option would be to invest in the next generation of clean cellulosic biofuels, and to support all biofuel producers that act to make their fuels cleaner. If we reformed biofuel policy, we could get the first billion gallons of cellulosic biofuels online quickly and at a quarter of the cost of current tax credits."

UCS supports a performance-based tax credit for biofuel production that would reward companies based on how much gasoline their fuel displaces as well how much it reduces heat-trapping emissions. Such a standard would shift tax support to cleaner biofuels and still allow corn ethanol manufacturers to qualify for tax credits if they make their operations more efficient and less polluting.

http://www.ucsusa.org/news/press_release/epa-lower-target-cellulosic-biofuel-0472.html

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Monday, November 29, 2010

Malaysia, Indonesia warn EU hampers palm oil trade

Tue Nov 16, 2010 4:30pm GMT

* Malaysia, Indonesia warn of non-tariff barrier to oils
* Ministers stop short of threatening WTO action
* Indonesia says smallholding farmers will be hit first

By Pete Harrison
BRUSSELS, Nov 16 (Reuters) - Indonesia and Malaysia warned on Tuesday that new European rules to ensure the sustainability of biofuels might hamper their exports of palm oil and breach rules on free trade. But they stopped short of threatening action at the World Trade Organization and said they would monitor the situation.

The European Union's energy chief, Guenther Oettinger, set green standards for biofuels in June to discourage companies from felling forests to grow profitable biodiesel or bioethanol crops. [ID:nLDE65919H]

"This directive discriminates (against) palm oil producers compared with other competing oil crops used as feedstock for biofuel production," Malaysian commodities minister Bernard Dompok and Indonesian deputy agriculture minister Bayu Krisnamurthi said in a joint statement.

"This directive has set criteria ... which could form a non-tariff barrier for the imports of palm oil into the European Union," they added during a visit to lobby EU officials.

The EU wants to obtain 10 percent of its road fuels from renewable sources by 2020, about 90 percent of which is seen coming from crops such as grains, palms or sugar cane.

Within the next decade that could create a market worth $17 billion, and critics say that creates an incentive for farmers to hack into forests.

The new sustainability standards state that biofuels used to meet EU targets must save at least 35 percent of greenhouse gases compared with oil and cannot come from recently cleared land.
EU experts are also examining a new scientific perspective known as "indirect land use change", which suggests that even biofuels grown on established agricultural land can have widespread negative impact by forcing food production into new areas. [ID:nLDE6A7259]

Krisnamurthi told reporters on Monday that although about 3-4 percent of plantations had been developed unsustainably, the greenhouse gas savings from Indonesian palm oil were generally much higher than envisaged in the EU rules. He urged a review.

"The first casualties will be the smallholding farmers," he added. "The big companies will have the energy and capability to meet the requirements." (Reporting by Pete Harrison, editing by Jane Baird)

http://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFLDE6AF14C20101116?sp=true

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Lufthansa first airline to use biofuel on commercial flights

29 November 2010

Bio-synthetic kerosene to be used from April 2011

At a joint press conference today, Lufthansa Chairman and CEO Wolfgang Mayrhuber, with Peter Hinze, Parliamentary State Secretary and Government Aerospace Coordinator, and Professor Dr. Johann-Dietrich Wörner, Chairman of the Executive Board of the German Aerospace Center (DLR), presented a biofuel project planned by Lufthansa. The project is backed by the government within the framework of its aviation research programme aimed at underpinning the sustainability of air traffic.

In April 2011, Lufthansa is to begin a six-month trial with an Airbus A321 on scheduled commercial flights on the Hamburg-Frankfurt-Hamburg route. Pending certification, one of the aircraft's engines will use a 50-50 mix of biofuel and traditional kerosene. The primary purpose of the project is to conduct a long-term trial to study the effect of biofuel on engine maintenance and engine life. During the six months trial, Lufthansa will save around 1,500 tonnes of CO2 emissions, said Lufthansa Chief Wolfgang Mayrhuber in Berlin today. "Lufthansa will be the world's first airline to utilise biofuel in flight operations within the framework of a long-term trial. This is a further consistent step in a proven sustainability strategy, which Lufthansa has for many years successfully pursued and implemented," said Mayrhuber.

Peter Hintze, Parliamentary State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, said: "With its aviation research programme (LUFO), the Federal Government is supporting the German aviation industry in its efforts to master the technological challenges of establishing a safe and sustainable air traffic system. That backing is afforded within internationally comparable framework conditions. About 77 per cent of LUFO funding is directly or indirectly related to the environment and sustainability. Only an integrated research approach of the like practised in research networks, above and beyond the classical discrete disciplines, offers the chance of achieving the ambitious climate protection objectives by 2020 and, simultaneously, safeguarding the technological competitiveness of the German aviation industry."

The 'burnFAIR' project dedicated to the testing of biofuel, unveiled by Lufthansa today, is a successful example of integrating research efforts for the purpose of realising climate care objectives. This project is part of an overall "FAIR" initiative (Future Aircraft Research), in which other issues – alongside biofuel compatibility - such as new engine and aircraft concepts or other fuels, e.g. liquified natural gas (LNG) are under study. The Federal Government is contributing a total of five million euros towards the 'FAIR' initiative, of the total 2.5 million euros is earmarked for the Lufthansa 'burnFAIR' project.

Prof. Dr. Johann-Dietrich Wörner, Chairman of the Executive Board of the German Aerospace Center (DLR), dwelt on the project background at the Berlin press conference: "Our 'burnFAIR' project is designed to research the long-term alternatives to conventional aviation jet fuel. The object is to gather data on pollutants from biofuel in comparison with conventional kerosene over a longer period. The measured pollution pattern related to diverse stresses in flight and the composition of the exhaust gases will allow us not only to draw conclusions about the compatibility of biofuel but also about the maintenance needs of aircraft engines. Since, above all, we expect a significant reduction in soot particles."

Lufthansa is currently making intensive preparations for the practical tests. Aside from the actual research project, the acquisition of biofuel in sufficient volume and the complex logistics it involves is proving a challenge in the run-up to the trial. The aircraft, for example, will be fuelled only in Hamburg. Furthermore, an array of internal processes must be modified, since Lufthansa does not normally deploy a plane exclusively on a single route, but always in a rotation chain on flights to different destinations.

The project will cost Lufthansa an estimated 6.6 million euros. "We know that biofuel is an issue we must address carefully. We can see the opportunities this fuel offers and give serious attention to the debate on the requisite raw materials. But we first want to acquire experience in daily practice in the use of biofuels. We are doing pioneering work in that no other airline to date has operated an aircraft engine with biofuel over a longer term," observed Wolfgang Mayrhuber. "Our fuel is sustainable. No rain forest will be deforested for Lufthansa biofuel. In the procurement of biofuel, we ensure it originates from a sustainable supply and production process. Our licensed suppliers must provide proof of the sustainability of their processes."

Production of the bio-synthetic kerosene utilised by Lufthansa rests on the basis of pure biomass (Biomass to Liquid- BTL). The producer is Neste Oil, a fuel refining and marketing company from Finland. The company has years of experience in biofuel production and has cooperated with Lufthansa for many years. Certification of its biofuel is expected in March 2011.

The use of biofuel is one element in a four-pillar strategy aimed at reducing overall emissions in air traffic. Ambitious environmental goals can only be achieved in future with a combination of various measures, like ongoing fleet renewal, operational measures such as engine washing and infrastructural improvements. Projects dedicated to these themes are also underway under the aegis of the aviation research programme. Thanks to new technologies, Lufthansa has improved its fuel efficiency by 30 per cent since 1991. Average fuel consumption per passenger is now down to 4.3 litres of kerosene over 100 kilometres.

http://www.dlr.de/en/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-1/86_read-27961/

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Forest and Indigenous Groups Reject Cancún Forest Deal

Joint Press Release from Global Forest Coalition and Indigenous Environmental Network

26 November, 2010

Forest and Indigenous Groups Reject Cancún Forest Deal
REDD Will Violate Rights, Accelerate Emissions, Groups Warn

Cancún, Mexico – Indigenous and environmental rights groups warn that an agreement on REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) at the upcoming UN climate change conference in Cancun, Mexico will spell disaster for forest peoples worldwide, limiting the rights of indigenous and peasant people over their territories. The real solution, the groups argue, is for developed countries to reduce fossil fuel emissions at the source.

While negotiators at COP 16 hope to forge an agreement on REDD, the Global Forest Coalition, Indigenous Environmental Network and a wide range of civil society and indigenous organizations, warn that any REDD deal will reduce forests to carbon stocks, disregarding their value for biodiversity and rural livelihoods.

Tom Goldtooth, Executive Director of the Indigenous Environmental Network said, "Yes we need to stop rampant deforestation – but REDD will neither protect forests nor reduce dangerous pollution. REDD will allow polluting industries to avoid reducing emissions through offsets from trees and other so-called 'environmental services'. From an indigenous and human rights perspective, REDD could criminalize the very peoples who protect and rely on forests for their livelihood, with no guarantees for enforceable safeguards. REDD is promoting what could be the biggest land grab of all time."

Blessing Karumbidza of the South African group Timberwatch added, "REDD and other false solution like agrofuels and carbon sink plantations are ways to grab productive land in the South so that more cheap resources and food can be accessed by industrialized countries."

The groups called on negotiators to address the underlying causes of deforestation, to remove subsidies for fossil fuels, industrial bio-energy and agrofuels, and to fully recognize the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and other international norms, standards andagreements that protect land-based peoples and human rights.

"Peasant and indigenous peoples feed the world and cool the planet", said Marcial Arias, Kuna from Panama. "In order to continue doing so, our rights to land, food sovereignty, and access to water as a common good must be upheld. REDD will violate these rights."

The groups expressed concern that proposals on the table in Cancún to increase carbon finance for industrial monoculture plantations and logging would violate agreements made during last month's UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) to prevent false mitigation measures like bio-energy, REDD, and geo-engineering.

"These proposals take the commercialization of nature to new extremes," said Rachel Smolker of Biofuelwatch.

Silvia Ribeiro of ETC group warned that "REDD's move to place forests into the carbon market is short-sighted and deadly. REDD will accelerate land grabs fueled by the deceptively named `green economy'. The forestry industry has been accused before of not seeing the forest for the trees; with REDD reducing trees to carbon sinks in order to offset industrial pollution, the industry won't even see the trees."

http://www.globalforestcoalition.org/news/view/236

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La Vía Campesina: "COP 16 is doomed to failure"

Press Release - La Via Campesina

We will unmask the Mexican governement: Gómez
La Vía Campesina: "COP 16 is doomed to failure"

(Ciudad de México, November 28th) «The sixth Conference of Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 16) is already seen as a failure that will affect the future of humanity, as its only result will be to strenghthen the intention of TNCs to divert money away from the climate crisis» stated Alberto Gomez from La Via Campesina international coordination.

«During the last moments of discussion, the proposals of the People's Agreement signed in Cochabamba have been left aside. The trend is to favour carbon market and REDD (Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation), this mechanism supports global privatisation of forests, jungles and territories.» explained Gomez.

«It is to be stated that during the negotiating process preceeding Cancun, the interest of the TNCs have prevailed giving a strong impulsion to a financial system that will impose merchandisation of the climate.»

«We do not agree with false solutions such as the carbon market because, far from reducing green house gases, it will sooner or later create a speculative system leading the world into another global financial crisis.»

«This is why La Via Campesina mobilises to denounce the irresponsibility of most of the governments who choose to support the capital rather than the interest of their nation and of humanity as a whole.» added Gómez.

«The international caravans will start on Sunday 28th. Their aim is to show up the Mexican government, pointing out the environmental and social devastation caused by state policies which are against the interest of the majority of the people.»

«In the camp set up by La Via Campesina in Cancun from December 2nd, various activites will be organised to denounce these policies and we ask all participants to put pressure on the Summit to adopt efficient measures against climate crisis such as those proposed in the People's Agreement.»

«We declare that we, farmers, men and women, are necessary and useful to humanity. Our role is to produce food: we do it in a sustainable way and at the same time we cool down the planet. If we had at our disposal a different system to produce, distribute and consumme, we could end hunger and halt global warming.»

«Food sovereignty — concluded Gómez— is La Via Campesina's alternative to capitalism which seeks to privatise even the air we breathe.».www.viacampesina.org

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Sunday, November 28, 2010

Scientists urge Indonesia to value secondary forest; RSPO resolution

1. Scientists call upon Indonesia to recognize value of secondary forests
mongabay.com
November 18, 2010

A group of scientists have called upon the governments of Indonesia and Norway to recognize the conservation value of logged-over and "degraded" forests under their partnership on reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation.

The letter urges the Indonesian government to extend protection to forest areas that may not be pristine but still serve as important carbon sinks, house endangered wildlife, and provide livelihoods for communities.

The scientists note that while the original letter of intent that spelled out the terms of the partnership between Indonesia and Norway mentioned conservation of "natural forests", subsequent statements from ministers have at times only referred to "primary forests". Some fear the posturing is an attempt to backslide on the agreement, allowing industrial interests to convert selectively logged forests, which account for the bulk of Indonesia's remaining forest and often contain 70-80 percent of the biodiversity found in untouched forest, to timber and pulp and paper plantations.

Read more: http://news.mongabay.com/2010/1118-letter_norway_indonesia.html

2. RSPO to recognize secondary forests as conservation priority
mongabay.com
November 12, 2010

The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), a body that sets environmental standards for palm oil production, has passed a resolution to reconfirm that secondary and degraded forests can classified as High Conservation Value (HCV) areas. The designation could increase the area of forest conserved within oil palm plantations provided it has high conservation significance, such as serving as habitat for endangered species like orangutans, Sumatran tigers, and rhinos.

The measure, put forth by the Sumatran Orangutan Society (SOS), was passed on the final day of the RSPO's annual meeting.

Read more: http://news.mongabay.com/2010/1112-rspo_secondary_forest.html

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Saturday, November 27, 2010

Cameroon's lessons for REDD+

For more information, contact:
Daniel Cooney at d.cooney@cgiar.org
Jeff Haskins at jhaskins@burnesscommunications.com
For immediate release
Distribution of Timber Fees to Communities in Cameroon Compromised by Confusion and Corruption: Providing Lessons for Global Efforts to develop equitable distribution of REDD+ revenues

CIFOR study pinpointing problems in Cameroon instructive for plans to distribute forest-based carbon revenues under the REDD+ mechanism

YAOUNDÉ, Cameroon (19 November 2010) – A new study finds a lack of transparency and corruption are reducing the impact of an initiative in Cameroon that channels a portion of national timber levies to rural forest communities. The study highlights the challenges of using a climate change pact to do something similar in forested regions around the world.

In an article published in the peer-reviewed journal International Forestry Review, scientists at the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) examined how revenues from a tax paid by logging companies in Cameroon, known as an Area Fee (AF), are distributed to local councils to reduce rural poverty and stimulate local economic growth.

Paolo Omar Cerutti, the study's lead author, said the AF's impact is diluted by a murky and unreliable system for distributing revenues to local communities and a failure to discourage embezzlement and mismanagement in areas that receive funds. CIFOR also found evidence that at least a portion of the AF money is being used for programs that should be supported by central government appropriations.

"Cameroon has established a potentially transformative mechanism for sharing timber revenues with poor communities but we found the AF distributions, while a very promising concept, are not yet realizing their full potential," Cerutti said.

"But problems can be solved," he added, "and they can be enormously instructive for establishing equitable mechanisms for the distribution of REDD+ funds."
REDD+ is shorthand for "reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation" The plus is a recent add-on, which represents conserving and enhancing forest carbon stocks, as well as the sustainable management of forests. It is the term used within international climate change talks for a proposed agreement that would establish a system to reward developing countries for not cutting down their forests because of the carbon stored in them. If successful, REDD+ could generate billions of dollars for some of the world's poorest communities.

The CIFOR study highlights the challenges that could arise in trying to fairly distribute REDD+ funds, and in seeing the money invested to improve the livelihoods of forest communities.

The law in Cameroon stipulates that local communities—mainly through their local governing councils and mayors—should receive 50 percent of AF taxes levied on logging companies. The sums are large, given that from 2000 to 2008, the national government collected €20 million (US$27.3 million) in AF taxes annually, which means €10 million (US$13,7 million) should have been available for local use.

Several problems have emerged.
For example, the amount of money received in a particular community is determined by a number of factors, including the area controlled by the local council, the boundaries of a particular logging concession, and the amount of the AF assessment levied on a logging company. According to CIFOR, each of these variables are subject to change and, furthermore, they are controlled by different ministries ―who do not consult with each other. As a result there are frequent instances in which communities don't get the funds they are expecting. Given the lack of coordination and data sharing among ministries, it is difficult to determine whether allocations are fair or not.

In addition, there is widespread suspicion that some of the AF money is mismanaged and even embezzled by local officials. For example, an assessment of eight councils that received a large amount of AF money found that 22 percent of annual expenditures were "hardly traceable intangible expenses" that appeared to "depend on the discretionary power of the mayors." The mayors must stand for election, but CIFOR found that the even when voters widely suspect them of diverting AF money for personal use, most manage to retain power by manipulating local councils and party power structures.

Other complications also emerged. For example, mayors are sometimes at risk of becoming the "political scapegoat" for funding shortfalls created by the national government's distribution system. The CIFOR article notes that in 2009, the government's AF was cut in half to soften the impact of the financial crisis on logging companies. That decision meant less money for local councils.

Meanwhile, local councils routinely invest the AF money in basic infrastructure projects that should normally be funded by national appropriations, encouraging the idea that AF money is simply "substitute revenue" for programs that should be supported by the central government.

"Clearly, a functional system for allocating forest revenues—whether we are talking about Cameroon's Area Fund or, on a much larger scale, REDD+ funds—needs to be simple, equitable and transparent," Cerutti said. "But improving the distribution
component is not enough," he added. "The experience in Cameroon also highlights the importance of independent oversight to monitor, detect and sanction embezzlement or mismanagement at the local level."

Cerutti also said it is critical that such programs don't end up as an excuse for governments to renege on their obligations, thus negating the potential for the new money to reduce poverty.

"If the Area Fee money, or REDD+ money becomes a substitution for funds that the central government should be providing, then we are right back where we started," he said.

The study was published in the International Forestry Review in June 2010. For more information, see here.

www.cifor.cgiar.org

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Friday, November 26, 2010

ALERTA SOS SERRA CAFEZAL MOUNTAINS! Reinvidicacao a OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN - Brasil Realizada por Expresssivos Coletivos e Redes de Organizações Civis Não-governamentais Brasileiras

Sent: Friday, November 26, 2010 7:22 AM

Subject: OHL: ALERTA SOS SERRA CAFEZAL MOUNTAINS! Reinvidicacao a OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN - Brasil Realizada por Expresssivos Coletivos e Redes de Organizações Civis Não-governamentais Brasileiras

Destinatário

OHL Brasil - Obrascon Huarte Lain

a/c Eng. Eneo Palazzi- Dir.Superintendente, Autopista Régis Bittencourt S/A

ALERTA SOS SERRA CAFEZAL MOUNTAINS

BRASIL: RODOVIA RÉGIS BITTENCOURT BR-116 SÃO PAULO

Contra a formação da ILHA DE MATA ATLÃNTICA CONDENADA A EXTINÇÂO e a transposição das nascentes de água potável na vertente oceânica do manancial do Caçador, onde se encontra Iterei Refúgio de Animais Nativos (IBDF163/1978) com vistas a " Evitar o enorme passivo ambiental, em caráter permanente e irreversível, que será deflagrado pelo traçado em pista independente e não contígua a atual rodovia

REINVINDICAÇÂO À OHL-BRASIL Realizada por Expressivos Coletivos e Redes de Organizações Civis Brasileiras

26 Nov 2010

SAO PAULO | Brasil

Moção da Rede Brasil sobre Instituições Financeiras Multilaterais em prol de Alternativa para a

Preservação dos Recursos Naturais Finitos

da Bacia do Caçador na Duplicação da Serra do "Cafezal" Rodovia Régis Bittencourt BR-116/SP

As entidades da sociedade civil, os fóruns, as redes, os movimentos sociais, as entidades sindicais, as associações profissionais autônomas e pluralistas , as ONGs e os cidadãos reunidos na VIII Assembléia Geral da REDE BRASIL sobre Instituições Financeiras Multilaterais, de 9/06/2010 aos 11/06/2010 no Centro de Formação Vicente Canhas, do CIMI , em Luziânia, Goiás deliberam

Considerando ter sido novamente totalmente ignorado pelo IBAMA; as ações da sociedade civil , em especial, o requerimento de Audiência Pública realizado aos 19 de março de 2010 encaminhado pela SOS MANANCIAL, subscrito por mais de 50 cidadãos, dentre eles representantes de atuantes ONGs fóruns , movimentos e redes de entidades civis em caráter nacional;

Considerando que a sociedade desconhece o novo projeto para a Serra do Cafezal e que este projeto difere do apresentado nas Audiências Públicas conforme menções da empresa CCR à ANTT ,explícito neste trecho do Relatório da Sociedade Civil à OHL em 2008 " .... A planilha de quantidades contempla apenas 1.360 m de extensão de obras de arte especiais, sendo que, por ocasião da referida Audiência Pública ocorrida em Abril/2001, representante do extinto DNER salientou que o projeto de duplicação contemplava 4.453 m de novas obras de arte especiais. O traçado escolhido pela ANTT realmente permite esta redução na extensão das OAE's? "

Considerando a importância desta Rodovia, como ligação terrestre local e inclusive internacional, assim como a importância da Bacia do Caçador como detentor de características naturais únicas para a sobrevivência humana, para a presente e futuras gerações, dada à biota aí existente, à Importância da área para o clima local, para o clima do entorno e para o clima da metrópole São Paulo, devido a sua geomorfologia, seu relevo, sua vegetação, seus recursos hídricos, além dos aspectos estéticos, ou seja a beleza natural que assegura o ecoturismo com modal de ordenamento para a sustentabilidade regional inter-parques; (Carta Aberta à Cidadania –OAB, 2002)

Considerando que a sociedade civil quer ser ouvida enquanto agente participativo das soluções dos problemas difusos, tendo mobilizado-se contra transformar os cumes da Serra do Mar em um canteiro de obras para fragmentar para sempre as Montanhas da Serra São Lourencinho- as mais altas, de fato as escarpas da Borda do Planalto Atlântico- que representam uma fonte importante de água, energia e diversidade biológica e essenciais para a sobrevivência do ecossistema e para a qualidade de vida, também, da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Mobilizando-se contra a fragmentação das cabeceiras de drenagem da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeira de Iguape, na vertente oceânica do manancial de água potável do Caçador, onde se encontra Itereí, KM 350 BR-116/SP/PR, um tradicional Refúgio de Animais Nativos, declarado pela Portaria IBDF no163/1978, devidamente publicada no Diário Oficial da União. (Petição Global de ONGs e Comunidade Científica à Obrascon Huarte Lain OHL-Brasil e à ANTT, 2009)

Considerando a Ação Civil Pública proposta pelas Procuradoras da República Isabel Cristina Groba Vieira e Maria Luiza Grabner (ambas hoje Procuradoras da 3ª Região) devido à constatação de "graves deficiências e insuficiências técnicas dos estudos de traçados das alternativas de transposição da Serra do Cafezal apresentados pelo DNER e que vêm apontadas nos laudos do Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas " nesta ACP é apontado que "Para a realização desses novos estudos de traçado e estudos ambientais complementares, o DNER, já tendo então assumido a responsabilidade da execução da obra em substituição ao DER/São Paulo, firmou convênio com o IME- Instituto Militar de Engenharia, mediante o qual foram contratadas as empresas ENGEVIX, que executou o novo estudo de traçados, e a ENGEMIN, que realizou os estudos complementares ambientais para o Lote 2." , assim como também que "este MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO FEDERAL requisitou a realização de perícia dos estudos de traçados e estudos ambientais relativos ao lote 2 — especialmente no segmento em que o traçado aprovado para duplicação distancia-se da pista existente — ao conceituado Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo - IPT. O laudo pericial oferecido pelo IPT trouxe a lume importantes omissões e deficiências na concepção dos traçados dos segmentos compreendidos no Lote 2, no que pertine a aspectos técnicos, ambientais, econômicos e de segurança, com repercussões inclusive no custo da obra estimado pelo DNER" , ademais, "eivada de vícios, instaurou procedimento licitatório visando à contratação de empresas para a elaboração de projetos de engenharia rodoviária, com vistas ao detalhamento da alternativa F eleita pelo órgão ambiental estadual, bem assim ao projeto final de engenharia de restauração da pista existente, conforme se vê do Anexo III — Termos de Referência do Edital respectivo (p. 86 do Edital nº 653/97-00 — doc. 19). No referido certame sagraram-se vencedoras as empresas VEGA Engenharia para o Projeto Executivo do Lote 18 (contrato nº PG 201/98) e o Consórcio ENGESPRO / ECOPLAN para o lote 19 (contrato nº PG 200/98) (doc. 20)." ademais " o estudo constante do documento 28 da lavra do Eng. Civil Dr. Horácio Ortiz), e que reiteram o pronunciamento do IPT, deixam ver que apenas o segmento 6, com extensão de 5.300,37 m, provocará o desmatamento desnecessário e direto de uma área de 424.000 m2 de Mata Atlântica, em Zona de Vida Silvestre da APA da Serra do Mar, ... Além disso, causará o segmento 6 a formação de uma verdadeira ilha de Mata Atlântica com 5,3 Km de extensão, que sucumbirá em poucos anos, cercada por duas auto estradas, "sujeita à violenta agressão por invasores e à poluição (sonora, poluentes atmosféricos, lixo e fogo) dos 9.000 veículos que lá trafegam nos dois sentidos, com previsível multiplicação após a duplicação da rodovia". (...) "E tudo isso por haver sido preterida — em razão dos dados técnicos equivocados trazidos pelos estudos do DNER ..."("Ações judiciais paradigmáticas em defesa da Mata Atlântica " Debate em Brasília promovido pela RMA- Rede de Ongs da Mata Atlântica, ISA- Instituto Sócio Ambiental e Egrégia 4ª CCR- Câmara de Coordenação e Revisão - Meio Ambiente e Patrimônio Cultural - DOCUMENTOS ISA n^o7, 2001 );

Considerando que "o DNER/DNIT, reiteradamente, por motivos variados, tem realizado certames licitatórios amparados em projetos básicos desatualizados (Acórdão nº 296/2004 - Plenário; Acórdão nº 826/2004 - Plenário), de baixa qualidade (Acórdão nº 287/2002 - Plenário) *(Acórdão nº 1180/2003 - Plenário)....(...) O projeto básico passou a ser utilizado como um simples instrumento para viabilizar os processos licitatórios, em face da sua exigência legal. Hoje, o que importa é apenas a existência de um projeto básico, seu conteúdo passou a ser secundário. Como é usual se ouvir dos técnicos do DNER: "O projeto básico serve apenas para licitar" (TCU- Acórdão nº 1656/2006 – Plenário)

Considerando que a " intervenção pública em questões ambientais tem como objetivo precípuo a prevenção de danos, em conformidade com o princípio da precaução, fundamentada no Direito Positivo pátrio por meio da Lei nº 6.938 de 31/08/1981. Essa lei determinou a busca da sustentabilidade por meio da compatibilização do desenvolvimento econômico-social com o equilíbrio ambiental e definiu o licenciamento de atividades efetiva ou potencialmente poluidoras como instrumento da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente em seu artigo 9º, inciso IV. "(TCU- Acórdão nº 1846/2003 – Plenário);

Considerando que " Apesar de a legislação ambiental referente ao licenciamento possuir mais de 20 anos, a consciência dos empreendedores quanto à necessidade de licenciamento ainda está em processo de consolidação " sendo que " das 136 obras rodoviárias fiscalizadas em 2002 no Fiscobras, 93 exigem licenças ambientais e que dessas, 40 não as possuem, correspondendo a 43% de discrepâncias (fl. 75 a 80)..... Acrescenta-se a isto o fato de que, das 53 obras que atualmente possuem licença, 15 não estão implementando tempestivamente as medidas mitigadoras apresentadas nos versos das licenças. Sendo assim, conclui-se que, do total de 93 obras que exigem licença ambiental, 55 obras, ou 59% daquele total, não cumprem a legislação ambiental a contento (fl.80); "(TCU- Acórdão nº 1846/2003 – Plenário);

Considerando que o " negligenciamento do licenciamento pode causar escolhas de traçados ambientalmente inviáveis, encarecendo a obra ou podendo paralisá-la futuramente. Por exemplo, a BR 116 no trecho de transposição da Serra do Cafezal, no qual o processo de licenciamento se iniciou antes de 1997 e ainda está recebendo contestações do Ministério Público Federal." (TCU- Acórdão nº 1846/2003 – Plenário);

Considerando que o descaso é recorrente no âmbito nacional " Nos processos administrativos das obras rodoviárias (BR 317/AC, BR 163/PA, BR 226/RN, BR 402/MA, BR 262/ES, BR 040/MG, BR 259/ES), nenhuma apresentou autorização de supressão de vegetação e nem declaração de compatibilidade com o ordenamento urbano. Dos três trechos da BR 259/ES somente o referente à implantação da variante de Colatina e acessos Sul e Norte à ponte sobre o Rio Doce apresentou licença prévia. E, por último, a obra da BR 317/AC não apresentou a licença prévia no seu processo administrativo, somente licença de instalação e as respectivas medidas mitigadoras não estão sendo implementadas tempestivamente..." (TCU- Acórdão nº 1846/2003 – Plenário);

Considerando o aspecto comercialesco dos EIAs , incrementados pelo famoso " Corta e Cola no âmbito do control c e control v" apontado pelo jurista Pinheiro Pedro, vem produzindo EIA-RIMAs dissociados da realidade e ampliando a judicialização dos licenciamentos (Revista Dazibão, Edição 21, 04/2010) ;

Considerando que a duplicação da Serra do Cafezal, está a cargo da concessionária , que trata-se de empresa multinacional, no caso, subsidiária da Obrascon Huarte Lain, atuante em 22 países tanto no ramo de construções, de infra-estrutura, de concessões entre outros , e , que sendo provocada poderá consignar atender o pleito da sociedade, especialmente tendo em vista , que a empresa tem capital nas bolsas de valores, e que busca referências positivas de efetivo comprometimento ambiental ;

Considerando que o Eng. Eneo Palazzi (OHL S/A)- asseverou, aos presentes, que o maior índice de acidentes, conforme as estatísticas levantadas pela Autopista Régis Bittencourt S.A. não ocorre na Serra do Cafezal, e , sim sucede, nas serras já duplicadas em diretriz independente "(SOS MANANCIAL à 4ª CCR, 09/03/2009)

Considerando ainda haver tempo da sociedade obter "o bônus a bem da coletividade, de alcançarmos uma duplicação sem delongas, tecnologicamente adequada, ambientalmente correta e que ofereça segurança aos usuários, contudo, caso urgente medidas não sejam tomadas os impactos poderão ser sistêmicos e irreversíveis, não há medida compensatória e mitigadora, que venha ressarcir as necessidades destas e das futuras gerações localmente e globalmente. "( SOS MANANCIAL OSCIP ao MPF, 03/05/2010)

Considerando que " Em reunião nesta segunda-feira (19/04/2010), na cidade de Registro (SP), com prefeitos e representantes municipais do Vale da Ribeira, em São Paulo, a ministra do Meio Ambiente, Izabella Teixeira, reafirmou que o Brasil está crescendo e tem uma agenda estratégica, econômica, social e ambiental, e que esta última não pode ser usada para "politicagem" como alguns grupos vêm tentando fazer, principalmente quando o assunto é licenciamento." (MMA ASCOM 19/04/2010)

Considerando que " Os ambientalistas são a solução do problema e devem ser ouvidos, de fato são favoráveis a duplicação em benefício do bem comum, a curto e em longo prazo." ( Léa Corrêa Pinto, BECE-RECOs n^o 1796, 20/04/2010)

Propõem

Evitar o enorme passivo ambiental, em caráter permanente e irreversível, que será deflagrado pelo traçado insistentemente oferecido pelo extinto DNER, hoje DNIT, e posteriormente reformado pela ANTT para a Serra do Cafezal (Bacia do Caçador), e que a Autopista Régis Bitencourt S/A (OHL-Brasil), realize de fato um novo projeto, como supedâneo para a escolha da alternativa locacional e tecnológica, desvinculado dos judicializados e contestados estudos ambientais e de traçados oriundos do CONVÊNIO DNER/IME, mas, compatível com uma agenda sustentável estratégica, econômica, social e ambiental posto que a engenharia nacional tem competência para realizar um projeto que não envergonhe a todos , mas, que seja objeto de orgulho e citações referenciais como é o caso da duplicação da Imigrantes.

Organizações e Redes Deliberantes

	1. ABIA	RJ
	2. ABONG – Assoc. Brasileira de ONGS	DF
	3. Action Aid	RJ
	4. AGDS- Ass. Global Desenv. Sustentavel	SP
	5. APIB- Artic.Povos Indígenas do Brasil	DF
	6. ATTAC	RS
	7. CDDH	ACi
	8. CEA	RS
	9. CEAP	RO
	10. Centro de Cultura Luiz Freire/FBO	PE
	11. CNTE	MG
	12. Coletivo Leila Diniz	RN
	13. CONEN-Coord.Nac.Ent. Negras	BA
	14. CONTRAF/CUT	SP
	15. CORECON	RJ
	16. CSA	SP
	17. ECOA / Coalizão Rios Vivos	MS
	18. ESPLAR	CE
	19. FAOC-ONDAS	RO
	20. FAOR	PA
	21. FASE	RJ
	22. FBES	PR
	23. FES	SP
	24. Ford Foundation	DF
	25. Fórum Carajás	MA
	26. Fórum em Defesa da Zona Costeira do Ceará	CEi
	27. Fund. Viver Produzir Preservar	PA
	28. GAMBÁ	BAi
	29. IBASE	RJ
	30. IBISS-CO	MS
	31. IBRACE	GO
	32. INESC	DF
	33. Inst. Ipanema Pesq. Avançada em Economia e Meio Ambiente SP	RJP
	34. Inst. Rosa Luxemburgo	SP
	35. Inst. Terrazul	CE
	36. Inst. Terrramar	CE
	37. IPEH	SP
	38. ISPN	DF
	39. Jubileu Sul	SP
	40. MAB Nacional	RS
	41. MAMA	PA
	42. Mater Natura Inst. Est. Ambientais	PR
	43. NAT Brasil	RS
	44. Outras Palavras	SP
	45. OXFAM	DF
	46. PACS	RJ
	47. Projeto Nova Cartografia da Amazônia	AM
	48. REBRIP	RJ
	49. Rede Alerta Deserto Verde	ES
	50. Rede Brasil	DF
51. Rede Brasileira de Justiça Ambiental - RBJA		RJ
	52. Trilhos, Campanha Justiça nos	MA
	53. Rede Pantanal	MS
	54. Rede Social de Justiça e Direitos Humanos	SP
	55. Sind.Trab. Rurais de Santarém	PA
	56. Terræ	SP
	57. Visão Mundial	AL
	58. Vitae Civilis-– Instituto para o Desenvolvimento, Meio Ambiente e Paz	SP
	59. FOBOMADE	Bolívia
	60. Accion Ecologica	Equador
	61. Sobrevivencia	Paraguai
	62. Jubileu Sul r	Peru
	63. Jubileu Sul	Argentina
	64. BIC	USA
	65. CPDA	RSi
	66. Cidadão Prof. Reinaldo Gonçalvez UFRJ	RJ

Destinatários desta Moção

4Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil - Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva: encaminhado pela OSCIP SOS MANANCIAL, assistente do Ministério Público Federal, com a seguinte introdutória " Quando o DNIT surgiu, em 2001, para, entre outras atribuições, suceder o DNER na condução de obras rodoviárias federais, restava a ilusão de que poderia ser resgatada a dignidade da gestão do setor. Mas não. A nova entidade parece que já veio sem fôlego, muito, é verdade, porque não foi estruturada para ter o vigor necessário e esperado. E, lamentavelmente, são tantas as irregularidades e apenações que, pelo visto, não causa mais constrangimento ao DNIT inobservar leis e prescrições do TCU." Agosto/2006,Tribunal de Contas da União, Ministro Marcos Vinicios Vilaça, homenageado com a Medalha de Ouro do Serviço Público em Maio/2008 pelo Presidente LUIZ INÁCIO LULA DA SILVA, é uma honraria, recebida por poucos brasileiros." 03/08/2010, ECT- AR /RJ868828707BR

4Autopista Régis Bittencourt S/A- OHL Brasil - Obrascon Huarte Lain: presente encaminhamento em 11 pgs. realizado por Iterei Refúgio Particular de Animais Nativos, por sua representante legal Léa Corrêa Pinto, autora da representação.184/96 ao Ministério Público Federal, 29 /10/2010

4Candidatos à Presidência da República Federativa do Brasil (Dilma Roussef, Marina Silva, José Serra e Plínio Arruda): encaminhamentos realizados pelo COLETIVO DE ENTIDADES AMBIENTALISTAS PAULISTAS (CEAC-CONSEMA) com este teor "Ratificar e encaminhar para conhecimento e ações propositivas a MOÇÃO DA REDE BRASIL SOBRE INSTITUIÇÕES FINANCEIRAS MULTILATERAIS EM PROL DE ALTERNATIVA PARA A PRESERVAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS FINITOS DA BACIA DO CAÇADOR NA DUPLICAÇÃO DA SERRA "CAFEZAL "- BR-116/SP , contra a formação da ILHA e a fragmentação das cabeceiras de drenagem da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeira de Iguape, na vertente oceânica do manancial de água potável do Caçador, onde se encontra Iterei Refúgio de Animais Nativos (IBDF163/1978), com vistas a " Evitar o enorme passivo ambiental, em caráter permanente e irreversível, que será deflagrado pelo traçado insistentemente oferecido...', postado via email copiado em rede, 02/09/2010

Reinvidicações Civis Realizadas à OHL

4Carta ABAIXO-ASSINADA da Comunidade Acadêmica Paulista por 100 notáveis representantes, 1995, redirecionada em 05/2010, ao Diretor-superintendente da Autopista Regis Bittencourt S/A- OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN BRASIL, OHL-Brasil, protocolo nº 242.914

4CARTA ABERTA À CONCESSIONARIA OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN BRASIL- Espanha e OHL-Brasil 11/2007, divulgada em rede e publicada no site TRANSNATIONALE, página da Obrascon Huarte Lain

4Manifesto da Organização da Sociedade Civil Terræ aos 17 e 18/4/2001, reencaminhado ao Diretor-superintendente da Autopista Regis Bittencourt S/A- OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN BRASIL, OHL-Brasil, em 05/2010 , protocolo nº 246.139

4Manifesto da OSCIP SOS MANANCIAL, por YARA REZENDE A. DE TOLEDO , aos 17/18/04/2001 , publicado no "Information Commodities – Dicas Didáticas (168) Manifesto", endossado por centenas de ONGs/NGOs brasileiras, encaminhado ao Diretor-superintendente da Autopista Regis Bittencourt S/A- OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN BRASIL, OHL-Brasil, via formulário de atendimento, recebimento acusado, 18/05/2010

4Manifesto de LÉa Corrêa Pinto AO PRESIDENTE DO IBAMA, aos 17e18/04/2001, reenviado ao Diretor-superintendente da Autopista Regis Bittencourt S/A- OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN BRASIL, OHL-Brasil, em 05/2010, protocolo de atendimento da ouvidoria 242.914

4PETIÇÃO FINAL À OHL E ANTT EM PROL DAS ALTERNATIVAS DE TRAÇADO E TECNOLÓGICAS , firmada por mais 2000 entidades civis paulistas, brasileiras e internacionais e notáveis membros da comunidade acadêmica global, entregue publicamente ao Diretor-superintendente da Autopista Regis Bittencourt S/A- OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN BRASIL, OHL-Brasil, 02/2009, http://www.petitiononline.com/Serra/petition.html

4Relatório da Sociedade Civil à OHL, dirigido ao Diretor-superintendente da Autopista Regis Bittencourt S/A- OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN BRASIL, OHL-Brasil, 21/05/2008, http://www.acpo.org.br/terrae/sociedade_civil_relatorio_ohl_2008.pdf

4REUNIÃO DAS ECOLOGISTAS COM A ANTT E A OHL, presentes o Eng. Eneo Palazzi, Diretor-superintendente da Autopista Regis Bittencourt S/A- OBRASCON HUARTE LAIN BRASIL, OHL-Brasil, o ouvidor Nilo Moriconi, e o Superintendente em S. Paulo da ANTT, Eng. Deuzedir Martins, ex- chefe do 8 DRF/DNER (extinto), realizada na sede da AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE TRANSPORTES TERRESTRES – ANTT, Unidade Regional de São Paulo - URSP, aos 5/03/2008, http://www.sosmanancial.org.br/reuniao.html

Referências

4 A serra É coberta pela Mata Atlântica e o afastamento do eixo criaria uma "ilha" entre as duas pistas, aumentando o impacto ambiental. Os motoristas vão pagar R$ 1,364 em cada praça. O contrato admite revisão no valor, caso a nova pista seja construída fora do eixo da pista atual. Essa opção é recomendada pelos técnicos, mas esbarra em forte oposição dos ambientalistas., jornal O Estado de São Paulo, 12/10/07, http://ngiterei.sites.uol.com.br/do2/07ESP.htm

4BNDES financia R$ 1 bi para estrada no Brasil SÃO PAULO - A Obrascon Huarte Lain Brasil (OHL Brasil) e a Autopista Regis Bittencourt (Autopista Regis) anunciaram ontem, em comunicado divulgado ao mercado, que o Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) aprovou, em 14 de outubro, a concessão financeira a Autopista Regis, no volume financeiro de R$ 1,069 bilhão.Os recursos serão utilizados para execução de servicos iniciais, recuperação, melhoramentos e infraestrutura para operação da rodovia, elaboração dos projetos e cadastro, assim como construção da sede da concessionária, e, ainda, despesas prévias operacionais, com vistas à exploração do Lote Rodoviário 06 (BR 116/SP/PR). 14/10/2010, http://www.dci.com.br/noticia.asp?id_editoria=7&id_noticia=348220

4Carta Aberta ao Presidente da República Fernando Henrique Cardoso emitida por autoridades e lideranças locais, conselhos profissionais, organizações não governamentais e entidades ambientalistas brasileiras entregue pelo Deputado Valdemar Costa Neto, 16/04/1999, http://ngiterei.sites.uol.com.br/do2/FHC.pdf

4Ivan Valente defende patrimônio da Serra do Cafezal e faz denúncia contra DNIT, 18/08/2010,. http://amarnatureza.org.br/site/ivan-valente-defende-patrimonio-da-serra-do-cafezal-e-faz-denuncia-contra-dnit,68208/

4ONGs pedem anulação de licença para trecho da BR116, 06/07/2005, http://www.rma.org.br/v3/template/downloads/boletins/2005/16/integra.htm

Crédito Imagens

Convention on Biological Diversity, IYB 2010,- ONU- Nações Unidas , Rogério Menezes, Google, O Estado de São Paulo, World Water Day 2010, Cassador Basin, UN, United Nations, Demis. Bucci e Movimento SOS Serra Cafezal

Registros

Protocolo nº 333.177 da OHL Brasil referente a versão simplificada da presente em 8 pgs., 29/10/2010. CET/ARRG015361062br 8/11/2010, em rede 26/11/2010

Summary

ACTION IS URGENTLY NEEDED TO SAVE A HOT SPOT in Brazil, at the Sao Paulo ATLANTIC COASTAL RANGE CLOUDED RAINFOREST PEAKS called Serra Cafezal Mountains - threatened by the projected BR 116 Mercosur HIWAY ENLARGEMENT- since plans call for a seven-kilometer (4.3 mile) section of the road running through Serra do Cafezal to become a divided highway, with new lanes to be constructed parallel to the existing road, separated by a distance of 300 /¨600meters (1,000- 2.000 feet)-but on the other side of the river, fragmenting wild life habitats and crossing a pristine network of sparkling mountain streams. This project questioned by a Civil Public Action proposed by the Brazilian Federal Attorney, attending to the community and thousands of NGOs COLIGATION for SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVE , was co-sponsored by the Inter-American Development Bank- IDB and is now under OHL- Obrascon Huarte Lain private ( Petition)

Iterei Refúgio Particular de Animais Nativos -Autopista Regis Bittencourt -Serra do Cafezal - SP -BR